Perfume notes refer to the different scents that make up a fragrance, which are categorized into three main types: top notes, heart notes, and base notes. The top notes are the initial scents you smell upon application, typically lasting 5-15 minutes. Heart notes emerge after the top notes fade, forming the main body of the fragrance, and can last several hours. Base notes provide depth and longevity, appearing once the top notes are completely gone and lasting the longest on the skin.